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Regulation mechanism of HIFs, PPARs and AMPK in hypoxic training-induced reduction of body weight

TIAN Qian-Qian, YANG Qin, Wang Ru^*

School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China

Abstract

Hypoxic exposure activates hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) to up-regulate the expression of its target genes. These genes encode glucose metabolism related proteins, such as glucose transporters (GLUTs) and glycolysis related enzymes, including lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and aldolase A (ALDA). Therefore, HIFs participate in oxygenolysis of glucose and play an important role in mediating hypoxia response and weight loss. Exercise training influences fatty acid metabolism, insulin sensitivity and body energy balance through activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which plays an active role in losing weight. In addition, hypoxic exposure or exercise training can activate energy sensor 5’-AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) in cells and promote oxidation of glucose and fatty acid and weight loss. It has been shown that hypoxic training exerts a better effects on controlling weight, compared with either hypoxic exposure or exercise training alone. This paper reviewed synergistic interactions among HIFs, PPARs and AMPK under hypoxic training and proposed possible mechanisms of hypoxic training-induced weight loss via AMPK-HIFs axis or AMPK-PPARs axis, thus providing theoretical guidance for application of hypoxic training in weight control.

Key words: hypoxia inducible factors; PPARs; 5’-AMP activated protein kinase; glucose and lipid metabolism; weight loss

Received: 2017-10-16　　Accepted: 2018-10-12

Corresponding author: 王茹　　E-mail: wangru0612@163.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2018.0068

Citing This Article：

TIAN Qian-Qian, YANG Qin, Wang Ru. Regulation mechanism of HIFs, PPARs and AMPK in hypoxic training-induced reduction of body weight. Acta Physiol Sin 2018; 70 (5): 511-520 (in Chinese with English abstract).