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内源性大麻素系统参与电针镇痛止痒机制研究进展

曹雨微¹, 秦仁杰², 景向红³, 张照庆^1,4, 李熳^2,*

¹湖北中医药大学针灸骨伤学院，武汉 430061；²华中科技大学同济医学院基础医学院，武汉 430030；³中国中医科学院针灸研究所，北京 100700；⁴武汉市第三医院疼痛康复科，武汉430060

摘要

慢性疼痛与瘙痒是严重危害人类健康的重大问题，而现有治疗方法存在诸多局限性。电针作为一种在传统针刺基础上结合现代电生理技术发展而来的疗法，凭借其风险低、耐受性好等优势，在相关疾病的治疗中展现出独特价值。近年来，内源性大麻素系统在调控疼痛与瘙痒机制中的作用逐渐成为研究热点。本文系统性地综述了内源性大麻素系统的组成与功能，探讨了其在中枢神经系统与外周免疫系统中对疼痛和瘙痒信号的调控机制，同时总结了电针通过调节内源性大麻素系统发挥镇痛止痒作用的最新研究进展，旨在为临床治疗痛痒相关疾病提供新的见解和理论基础。

关键词： 内源性大麻素; 电针; 疼痛; 瘙痒

Progress on the mechanism of endocannabinoids involved in electroacupuncture for analgesia and itch relief

CAO Yu-Wei¹, QIN Ren-Jie², JING Xiang-Hong³, ZHANG Zhao-Qing^1,4, LI Man^2,*

¹College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China；²College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China；³Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China；⁴Department of Pain Rehabilitation, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China

Abstract

Chronic pain and pruritus are significant health challenges that pose major threats to human well-being, with existing therapeutic approaches being limited in their efficacy and scope. Electroacupuncture, as a therapy developed by combining traditional acupuncture with modern electrophysiological techniques, has emerged as a promising therapeutic modality, characterized by its low risk and excellent tolerability, and has demonstrated unique advantages in the treatment of related disorders. In recent years, the role of the endocannabinoid system in modulating pain and pruritus has garnered increasing attention as a research hotspot. This review systematically examined the composition and function of the endocannabinoid system, as well as its regulatory mechanisms in pain and pruritus signaling within the central nervous system and peripheral immune system. Additionally, we summarized the current state of research on the analgesic and itch-relieving effects of electroacupuncture through modulation of the endocannabinoid system, aiming to provide novel insights and theoretical foundations for the clinical management of pain and itch-related diseases.

Key words: endocannabinoids; electroacupuncture; pain; pruritus

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：李熳　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2025.0108

引用本文：

曹雨微, 秦仁杰, 景向红, 张照庆, 李熳. 内源性大麻素系统参与电针镇痛止痒机制研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2026; 78 (1): 71-82.

CAO Yu-Wei, QIN Ren-Jie, JING Xiang-Hong, ZHANG Zhao-Qing, LI Man. Progress on the mechanism of endocannabinoids involved in electroacupuncture for analgesia and itch relief. Acta Physiol Sin 2026; 78 (1): 71-82 (in Chinese with English abstract).